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SILABUS BAHASA INGGRIS

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ADJECTIVE ENDING IN "ING & ED"

When the adjective ends in -ing, it means that the person or thing causes this particular effect.

 Rules frustrate me. Rules are frustrating.

 Snakes terrify me. They are such terrifying creatures.

When the adjective ends in -ed, it means that the person or thing experiences this particular effect.

 Rules frustrate me. I am frustrated when I have to learn them.

 Snakes terrify me. I'm always terrified when I see one

-ING the cause -ED the effect

Use the present participle (-ing) to describe how something is.
Use the past participle (-ed) to describe how someone feels.

The present participle (~ing) is used to show who or what causes the feeling. So in the first example, I am boring, I make other people feel bored. Maybe I don’t talk very much or do not have many interesting things to talk about. No matter what the reason, when people are around me they soon start to yawn.

The past participle (~ed) is used to show who or what ‘has’ or experiences the feeling. So in the second example, I am bored, I am not interested in whatever is happening around me. Maybe I am in a boring lecture (the professor causes me to be bored) or I don’t have a good book to read at home and there is nothing interesting on television.

This is a very common mistake for learners that results in the learner saying the opposite of what s/he wants to say. MEMORIZE the difference in the ~ing and ~ed patterns and be VERY CAREFUL in how you use these patterns! !

I. OTHERS PAIRS OF ADJECTIVES ENDING IN –ING AND –ED ARE:

fascinating exciting amusing amazing astonishing shocking disgusting embarrassing confusing

fascinated excited amused amazed astonished shocked disgusted embarrassed confused

horrifying terrifying frightening depressing worrying annoying exhausting satisfying

horrified terrified frightened depressed worried annoyed exhausted satisfied

EXERCISES

A. Choose the correct answers in the dialogues below

A: I heard you had a blind date* last Saturday. How did it go?

B: It was so boring/bored because all he talked about was his work.

A: What did you talk about?

B: Nothing much. I hope he thinks I’m boring/bored and never calls me again.

B. Choose the correct answers.

1 Dave was very (disappointed/disappointing) when he failed his driving test.

2 I get so (excited/exciting) watching football matches on the television

3 The sales figures are very (disappointed/disappointing) this year

4 That book was so (frightened/frightening) I couldn't read it!

5 Most children are (interested/interesting) in wild animals.

6 I used to hate history at school. It was so (bored/boring)

7 I enjoyed going to the soccer game which ended in a tie. It was very (excited/exciting)

8 Diana teaches young children. She often finds her job very (tired/tiring)

C. Fill the gaps with the adjectives in brackets

1. He's such a monotonous speaker. I was ________________ stiff. (bored / boring)
2. I had such a ________________ day I went straight to bed. (tired / tiring)
3. Everyone's very ________________ about the news. (excited / exciting)
4. That lamp produces a very ________________ effect. (pleased / pleasing)
5. The whole school was ________________ by the tragic event. (saddened / saddening)
6. I don't like watching ________________ films on my own. (depressed / depressing)
7. I was ________________ when she told me she'd got divorced. (amazed / amazing)
8. I'm very ________________ in films and theatre. (interested / interesting)
9. No one knew what would happen next. We were all ________________ . (intrigued / intriguing)
10. There's been some very ________________ news. (surprised / surprising)
11. His mother was ________________ by what she found under his bed. (disgusted / disgusting)
12. Dad always arrives home from work thoroughly ________________ . (exhausted / exhausting)
13. He's always showing off. It's really ________________ . (annoyed / annoying)
14. She kept talking about her boyfriend problems all night. It was rather ________________ . (embarrassed / embarrassing)
15. I think Alex is one of the most ________________ people I've ever met. He can't keep still for a second. (annoyed / annoying)
    

D. Write the correct form of the adjective in the box.

1. Grammar rules frustrate me. They're not logical. They are so __________.
2. They frustrate me but they don't bore me. I am never __________ when I study grammar.
3. Normally a language class stimulates me. Of course, it depends on the teacher. With some teachers I don't feel __________.
4. Their classes bore me. And I'm not the only one. Many students find these classes very __________.
5. If teachers want to interest the students, they must use __________ material.
6. How can teachers interest students? One way is to have __________ discussions.
7. Certain subjects interest almost everybody. For example, most students are __________ in the subject of crime and morality.
8. It's important to speak in a language class, but it frightens many students. They are too __________ to speak in front of so many people.
9. And me? Well, certain things frighten me, but not that. I am never __________ when I speak in class.
10. Exams, however, really frighten me. Exams are the only __________ thing in a language course.
11. Exams, however, really frighten me. Exams are the only __________ thing in a language course.
12. All the mental effort exhausts the student. Ask anybody. They all agree. Exams are __________.
13. But if I get a good grade, now that excites me. And if I get more than ninety percent, I am really __________.
14. In conclusion, I must confess that languages fascinate me. I will always want to learn a new and __________ language.